Soil testing is the analysis of a soil sample to determine nutrient and contaminated content composition and other major nutrient characteristics. A soil test can determine fertility or the expected growth potential of the soil which indicates nutrient deficiencies potential toxicities from excessive fertility and inhibitions from the presence of non-essential trace minerals. Soil testing is often performed targeting groups of compounds and minerals which need to be in adequate quantities for the soil to be productive and subsequently give a healthy crop. The advantages of testing are that excessive use of fertilizer can be avoided which results in reduction of Waste of plant and potential damage to environment can be controlled. Therefore it makes good sense to test the soil for these nutrients and add the required amount of fertilizer. Soil has to contain some major nutrient for the crops to be healthy. The major nutrients which need to be in adequate quantities for the soil to be productive and subsequently give a healthy crop are: NITROGEN Nitrogen encourages above ground vegetative growth and it serves as the source for the dark green color in the leaves of various crops.